![]() This article highlights some of the important factors that contribute to auditory misunderstandings on the flight deck, and suggests mitigation strategies to overcome them. 1 Problems included incomplete and inaccurate content, ambiguous phraseology, absent communication, misperceived messages caused by phonetic similarities, untimely message transmission, garbled phraseology and lack of monitoring by the intended recipient. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS), they found that more than 70 percent involved problems with information transfer, primarily related to voice communications. In 1981, when researchers evaluated 28,000 incident reports submitted by pilots and air traffic controllers during the first five years of reporting to the U.S. However, auditory inputs, such as verbal messages, are transient, can be forgotten and, like visual stimuli, are subject to misinterpretation. Unlike the visual sense, auditory sensation is omnidirectional, enabling voice messages and aural warnings within hearing range to be detected. 25), distortions in auditory sensation (the receiving of stimuli) and perception (the interpretation of those inputs) can reduce safety margins by adversely affecting higher level cognitive functions such as decision making. Like distortions in the visual modality (see ASW, 10/16, p. The first two accidents involved breakdowns in verbal communication between flight crewmembers the third, between flight crewmembers and air traffic control (ATC). Aircraft Accident Report NTSB/AAR-10/05, Midair Collision Over Hudson River, Piper PA‐32R‐300, N71MC and Eurocopter AS350BA, N401LH, Near Hoboken, New Jersey, August 8, 2009. Aircraft Accident Report NTSB/AAR-14/01, Descent Below Visual Glidepath and Impact With Seawall, Asiana Airlines Flight 214, Boeing 777-200ER, HL7742, San Francisco, California, July 6, 2013. Aircraft Accident Report NTSB/AAR-14/02, Crash During a Nighttime Nonprecision Instrument Approach to Landing, UPS Flight 1354, Airbus A300-600, N155UP, Birmingham, Alabama, August 14, 2013. The NTSB cited as one of several probable causes an air traffic controller’s “nonpertinent telephone conversation, which distracted him from his air traffic control (ATC) duties, including correcting the airplane pilot’s readback of the Newark Liberty International Airport tower frequency.” 3 8, 2009, collision of a Piper PA-32R-300 and a Eurocopter AS350 BA over the Hudson River near Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S., which killed nine people. ![]() Among the contributing causes cited by the NTSB were “the flight crew’s nonstandard communication and coordination regarding the use of the autothrottle and autopilot flight director systems.” 2 The July 6, 2013, crash of an Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER into a seawall during approach to San Francisco International Airport ( ASW, 10/14, p. ![]() National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) said its investigation “identified several areas in which communication was lacking both before and during the flight, which played a role in the development of the accident scenario.” 1 In the final report on the accident, the U.S. 14, 2013, crash of a UPS Airbus A300 on approach to Birmingham (Alabama, U.S.)-Shuttlesworth International Airport, which killed both pilots of the scheduled cargo flight ( ASW, 2/15, p. Several recent accidents underscore the role of auditory perception in aviation, including the following: Communication Errors That Led to Accidents ![]()
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